مشرفو المجنّدين الأجانب في الجيش في مصر القديمة والألقاب المرتبطة بهم

عبد العظيم, عماد

doi:10.21608/jguaa.2020.31984.1104

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	مشرفو المجنّدين الأجانب في الجيش في مصر القديمة والألقاب المرتبطة بهم
المقالة 9، المجلد 22، العدد 1، الشتاء و الربيع 2021، الصفحة 201-238 PDF (1.67 MB)
نوع المستند: المقالة الأصلية
معرف الوثيقة الرقمي: 10.21608/jguaa.2020.31984.1104
المؤلف
عماد عبد العظيم
قسم التاريخ- کلية الآداب- جامعة الفيوم
المستخلص
بدأ الأجانب بالاندماج في الجيش المصري منذ النصف الأخير من عصر الدولة القديمة، وکشفت حملات "وني" عن مشارکة بعض المجندين الأجانب أبرزهم النوبيين والإرثت، والنوبيون استمروا لفترة طويلة في الجيش المصري کمجندين تحت مسمى "المدجاى"، ومع عصر الدولة الوسطى بدأت تظهر عناصر أجنبية جديدة في الجيش المصري مثل الليبيين، ومع التوسع الکبير للحملات العسکرية في عصر الدولة الحديثة؛ زادت أعداد الأسرى الأجانب والتي تم إدماج مجموعات منهم في الجيش المصري، فتنوعت عناصر الجيش بجانب المصريين وتألفت من نوبيين وکوشيين وأسيويين مثل الشردن والنعرن وغيرهم، ثم ظهرت عناصر أخرى في العصر المتأخر مثل اليونانيين والکاريين والأيونيين. وکان على رأس بعض الفرق الأجنبية في الجيش بعض المشرفين، منهم من کان مصريًا ومنهم من کان من نفس فئة المجندين، ويناقش البحث هؤلاء المشرفين وألقابهم والمجموعات العسکرية التي تولوا قيادتها، وتخلص الورقة البحثية إلى أن بعض هؤلاء المشرفين کانوا من المصريين وبعضهم من الأجانب، وبعضهم کانوا من نفس فئة المجموعة التي يقودها، ومبرر ذلک لسهولة التواصل معهم، وتنوعت ألقابهم وأشارت بعضها إلى مصطلحات جغرافية، وبعض الألقاب کانت لا تشير إلى فئة معينة، ولکن أمکن معرفة الفئة من أصل الضابط المسئول عنها. *The Overseers of Foreign Soldiers* *in Ancient Egyptian Army and their Titles* *Abstract:*The Foreigners generally started to emerge in Egyptian army since the late Old Kingdom in Egypt, such as the Nubian and Irthet soldiers that appeared in Weni campaigns and merged into the ancient Egyptian army. After that, their role expanded in the Middle Kingdom beside other foreign soldiers, such as Libyans. The paintings and inscriptions depicted them with their weapons. In the New Kingdom, the Military campaigns increased and accordingly the number of captives rose. Thus, other foreign soldiers appeared as the Sherdn, Na^crn, Asiatic, etc. These Foreign soldiers had overseers. This paper discusses the overseers, their groups, and their titles. Some of the overseers were Egyptian officers, as shown in the archival texts of the New Kingdom, while in other groups their officers were foreigners. The officer was from the same group, to be able to communicate with the soldiers and understand their language. Some titles of these officers included geographical terms, while some of them were not referring to any group, but their affiliation could be traced from the officers themselves.
الكلمات الرئيسية
المجندون الأجانب؛ الجيش؛ مصر القديمة؛ النوبيون؛ الآسيويون Egyptian Army؛ Foreign Soldiers؛ Ancient Egypt؛ Nubian؛ Asiatic
الموضوعات الرئيسية
Ancient Civilizations؛ Egyptology


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