The Religious and Political Connotations of the Inscriptions on the keys and locks of the doors of the Kaaba in the Mamluk age. Artistic archaeological study

Abd Alaal, Alaa Aldeen

doi:10.21608/jguaa.2020.36153.1112

The Religious and Political Connotations of the Inscriptions on the keys and locks of the doors of the Kaaba in the Mamluk age. Artistic archaeological study

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Alaa Aldeen Abd alaal

Assistant Professor of Islamic Archaeological Inscriptions, Department of Islamic Archeology, Faculty of Archeology, Sohag University, (Egypt)

10.21608/jguaa.2020.36153.1112

Abstract

Making of the key to the Kaaba has become one of the matters in which the sultans and rulers compete, because of its religious and worldly meanings for them, as the caretaker of the Sacred House of God represents at the same time a political leadership for Muslims in addition to the religious leadership.
The keys of the Kaaba were made in several stages: they were made of iron in the early Abbasid period, then bronze, and the first to give the Kaaba a golden key is the Abbasid Caliph Mu'tasim BeAllah bin Harun al-Rashid. The keys were made of gold in the Fatimid and Mamluk periods, It was started by Sultan al-Zahir Baybars (658-676 / 1260-1277), He sent a clothe and a key to the Kaaba with the name of the Caliph Al-Mustansir BeAllah, the first Abbasid caliph in Cairo, then it became a tradition followed by the Mamluk sultans in Egypt, which was called the Mahmal "loader". , and it was called the "Holy Gate", including what was devoted to the door of Mercy, which is a door inside the Kaaba that leads to its roof, or what was designated for the door of Repentance, and the study relies on an attempt to highlight the religious and political connotations of the written inscriptions executed on the keys and locks of the doors of the Kaaba in the Mamluk era, And the various Qur’anic verses they contain have a close relationship with the status of the honorable Kaaba among Muslims religiously and politically, and the inscriptions included propaganda phrases, and also included a collection of names of caliphs and sultans, in addition to their titles and the political and religious significance of that, and how they are interested in this blessed place, as inscribed Many of the keys have the dates of their manufacture.

Keywords

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