Reassembling and Conservation of an antique Glass dish belongs to the early Islamic era from the American research center excavations, Fustat, Egypt

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Lecturer of Archaeological glass conservation Faculty of Archaeology, Fayoum University (EGYPT)

2 conservator at Department of ConservationMuseum of Islamic Art, Cairo, (Egypt)

3 Director of Conservation department – museum of Islamic Art, Cairo, (Egypt)

Abstract

The research discusses a special case of archaeological glass dish excavated from the American research center excavations in Fustat in 1966 and now stored in the Museum of Islamic Art in Cairo, as the effect upon detection was shattered and affected by the phenomenon of glass rust and was corroded previously restored and stored in a wrong way, which necessitated the Re-restoration.
The research deals with the study of the glass components effect and the manifestations of damage present in it, as well as the study of the materials used in the previous restoration, which have transformed and caused manifestations of damage over time. The research also deals with identifying the stages of decoding and re-restoring.
The work stages consist in documenting the state of the glass antiquity as well as the manifestations of damage, and then carrying out the examination and analysis to identify the components of the deterioration, detecting the materials used in the previous restoration. The instrument of restoration used was Scanning Electron microscope with Energy Dispersive X-ray unit(SEM, EDX) - FTIR-ATR infrared spectroscopy. Significant points were reached for identifying the factors of damage and the composition of the case study, in addition to identifying the materials of the previous restoration, and finally steps to restore it. After that the stage of removing the previous restoration and re-restoration, and finally identifying the preservation methods for the glass artifact.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

 
Abādir, Mina, Ibrahim, Muḥammad, Awad, Muḥammad, Dirāsit taʾṯir al-taqādum al-ḥarāri waʿilaqatuh biʾl-taġayur al-lawnī fī tagmiʿ al-zugāg al-aṯārī, Abydos1, 2019.
al- H̱udarī, Muḥammad, Muḥdārāt fī tārīh al-umam al-islāmīya al-dawla al-ʿAbāsīya, Cairo: al-muẖtār liʾl-našr, 2003.
al-Zayāt, Dalyā Ḥasan, “Dirāsā taǧribīya wa tāṭbīqīya li-tarmim al-zugāg al-aṯārī al-mu‘ašak biʾl-ẖašab tāṭbīqan ʿalā namāzig muẖtārā” Master thesis, faculty of Archaeology, Cairo university, 2009.
al-Ṭāiš, ʿAlī Aḥmad, al-Funūn al-zu‘hrufīya al-islāmīya al-mubakirā fī al-ʿaṣrin al-umawī waʾl -ʿAbāsī, Cairo: Zahraʾ al-šarq, 2003.
Ḥasan, Zakī Muḥammad, Aṭlas al-funūn al-zuẖruf waʾl-taṣwir al-islāmī, Beirut, 1980.
 Ḥifnī, Muḥammad Ḥifnī  "Dirāsat taʾṯīr al-mawgāt al- ṣawtya al-natiǧa ʿan al-tafǧīrat ʿalā al-aṯār al-zuǧāǧīya wa ṭuruq  ʿilāǧuhā wa ṣiyānatuhā tāṭbiqan ʿalā namāziǧ muẖtāra min mutḥaf al-fan al-islāmī biʾl-Qāhirā” Master thesis, faculty of Archaeology/ Fayoum University, 2019.  
Ḥamad, Rašā Taha "Dirāsat al-ʿawamil al-muʾaṯirā fī talaf al-aṯār al-zuǧāǧīya al-mustaẖdama fī al-aġrād al-tibīya wa ṭuruq muʿālaǧtuhā wa ṣiyānātuhā tāṭbikan ʿalā baʿd al-namāzig al-muẖtāra" PhD thesis, faculty of Archaeology - Cairo university, 2014.
Ibrahim, Mahmūd, al–H̱azaf al-islāmī fī Miṣr, Cairo: Maktabat nahḍat al-šark, 1984.
ʿAbd al-Rahim, Nagwa Sayid, Tiknuluǧīya al-mawād waʾl-ṣinaʿāt al-qadīma ǧayir al- ʿuḍwīya, Dār al-zaʿim, 2013.
ʿAbdullah, Ramadān ʿAwad, “Dirāsat ʿilāǧ wa ṣiyānat al- aṯār al-zuǧāǧīya al-muzaẖrafa biʾl-minā waʾl-mumawaha biʾl-zāhab taṭbiqan ʿalā maǧmu‘at mutḥaf al-fan al-islāmī biʾl-Qāhirā” Master thesis, faculty of Archaeology - Cairo university, 1999.
………………….., "Dirāsat taʾṯīr al-ʿawamil al-muʾaṯirā fī talf al- aṯār al-zuǧāǧīya al-madfūna fī al-turba wa aḥdaṯ tiqinyāt ʿilāǧuha wa ṣiyanatuhā", PhD thesis, faculty of Archaeology / Cairo university, 2002.
……………………………., al-Tarmīm al-ẖāṭiʾ liʾl-aṯār al-zuǧāǧīya al-asbāb waʾl-mazāhir wa ṭuruq al-ʿilāǧ, Dirāsāt fī aṯār al-waṭan al -῾arabī3, itiḥād al-aṯāryīn al-῾arab, 2003
Muḥammad, Hams ‘Abd al-Ḥāfiz “Dirasit taḥwūlāt al-zuǧāǧ al-aṯari fī al-bīʾa al-muthafīya maʿa taqyīm adāʾ baʿd mawād wa ṭuruq al-ʿilāǧ waʾl-ṣiyāna taṭbiqan ʿalā baʿḍ al-muqtaniyāt al-mutḥafīya, PhD thesis, faculty of Archaeology / Cairo university, 2011.
 
ABD-ALLAH, R.: “Chemical characterization and manufacturing technology of late Roman to early Byzantine glass from Beit Ras/Capitolias, Northern Jordan” Journal of archaeological science 37, 2010.
-   ASTRID, V., G.: Glass corrosion, Corning Museum of Glass, New York, 2010.
-   COLOMBAN, P., ETCHENERRY, M.P., ASQUIER, M., BOUNICHOU, M. & TOURNIE, A.: “Roman identification of ancient stained glasses and their degree of deterioration”, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, JonWiley & Stons, Ltd, 2006.
-   DAVISON, S., Conservation and restoration of glass, Oxford, second edition, 2006.
-   DOWN, J.: “Adhesive Testing at the Canadian Conservation Institute-An Evaluation of selected Poly Vinyl Acetate and Acrylic Adhesives, “, No. 41, The Journal of the International Institute for Conservation, U.S.A., 1996.
-   GUECHEN, G.: Conservation of archaeological excavation, ICCROM, Rome, 1984.
-   HAMAD, R., HEFNI, M., SAID, N& HAMDY, A.: “Comparative study of traditional adhesives used in restoration of archaeological glass, faculty of archaeology”, Cairo university conference2:4December (2018).
-   Hamad, R.: “The Deterioration Resulting from Burial Environment on Archaeological Glass “Comparison Study” SHEDET 6, 2019.
-   HOWELLS, R.: Polymer Dispersions Artificially Aged, Adhesives and Consolidates, IIC, London, 1984.
-   http://gaeb.gov.eg/sps/images/includes/center/Historical_Database_ar.pdf
-   https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B  (26-1-2019)
-   LESZEK, S. & ELZBIETA, G.W.,: “Influence of environment on surface of the ancient glasses”, Journal of  Non Crystalline Solids, Vol. 196, March. 2, 1996.
-   MARIA, C., SAUN, P.: “A Study on Corrosion Processes of Archaeological Glass from the Valencian Region (Spain) and its Consolidation treatment”, Microchip Acta, vol.154, 2006.
-   Martin, H.: Archaeology Africa, James Currey Publishers, Oxford, 2006.
-   POLLARD, A.:  Chemistry and corrosion of archaeological glass, Cambridge, 1996.
-   ROEMICH, H., GERLACH, S., MOTTNER, P., MEES, F., JACBOS, P.,VAN,D.,DOMENECH,C.: “Results from burial experiments with simulated medieval glasses”, Material Research Society Symposium 757, 2003.
-   VAN, G.: Weathered Archaeological Glass, Corning Museum of Glass, http://www.cmog.org/article/weathered-archaeological-glass, last accessed 15 April 2018. (
-   WLADYSLAW, B.: AL FUSTAT, The American University in Cairo Press, 2016.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics