An Unpublished Disc in Egyptian Museum

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Lecturer, Department of Greek and Roman Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University, Cairo (Egypt)

Abstract


This study is aiming to publish terracotta disc kept in Egyptian Museum, with motifs on its two faces, through comprehensive descriptive and analytic study of these motifs. As well as we try to date of this disc through comparative between its motifs and other examples motifs. The study also answers many questions that come to mind regarding to use of this disk and the function for which it was made, and the connection between it and its decoration. Is this disc used in a ritual or special ceremony? What are these rituals and ceremonies? The Custom of stamping bread and holy cakes was known in Greco-Roman Egypt and continued in late Roman period, there were many causes for stamping the bread and cakes: to take the place of the actual offering, symbolize general religious ideas, possibly connected with the sanctuary or local cult, and serve as additional object in funerary rituals. This stamp back to the Late Roman Period through circular shape and diameter and style of its motifs

Keywords

Main Subjects


foreign references
Bussmann, E.R, Unearthing the Truth Egypt’s Pagan and Coptic Sculpture, Brooklyn Museum, 2010.
Cotsonis, J., and  Kouroumali, M. Greek , Roman and Byzantine Objects from the Archbishop Iakovos Collection, 2012.
Frederick, H. J., Rites and Ceremonies: As Prescribed Religion According to the Commentary of Servius on Vergil s Aeneid, New York,1916
Gabra, G., and Eaton-Krauss, M., Illustrated Guide to the Coptic Museum and Churches of Old Cairo, Cairo, 2007. 
Galavaris, G., Bread and the Liturgy, the Symbolism of early Christian and Byzantine Bread Stamps, London.1970. 
Hasitzka, M.," Namen in koptischen dokumentarischen Texten", Stand 22. 1. 2007, 111.
Johns, C., Sex or Symbol? Erotic Images of Greece and Rome, London, 1983.
Johnson, John de Monins / Martin, Victor / Hunt, Arthur S., Catalogue of the Greek Papyri in the John Rylands Library Manchester, Volume II: Documents of the Ptolemaic and Roman Periods (Nos. 62-456), Manchester et al. 1915.
Kefalidou, E., The Plants of Victory in Ancient Greece and Rome, Thessaloniki, n.d.
Perpillou-Thomas, F., Fêtes ď Egypte Ptolémaïque et Romaine ď aprés la documentation Papyrologique Grecque , Lovanil. 1993.
Russmann, E.R., Unearthing the Truth, Egypt Pagan and Coptic Sculpture, Brooklyn Museum ,2009.
Thompson, D., Coptic Textiles in the Brooklyn Museum, New York, 1971.
Török, L., After the Pharaohs, Treasures of Coptic Art from Egyptian Collections Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest, 2005.
Witt, P., Myths of Hellas or Greek Tales, Trasn by Younghusband, F., New York.  1903.