The bull in Egyptian thought in pre-dynastic times

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Faculty Member, Department of Egyptian and Islamic History and Archeology, Faculty of Arts, Damanhour University (Egypt)

Abstract

The forms and images of the bull appeared on many of pictorial views and artistic pieces, which represented important religious and political indicators in pre-dynastic eras.  This was evident in the graffiti found in the Eastern and Western desert of Egypt. Moreover, this was also found in the graves of Nepta Playa and Hierakolpolis, carved statues, amulets, utensils, knives clutches and palettes. Therefore, these shapes and forms reflect the important position of this animal in the dogmatic intellect of the ancient Egyptians since pre-historic times, and which crystallized and evolved after that.

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References

Etienne, M.,  À propos des représentation d'enceintes crénelées sur les Palettes de l'epoque de Nagada III, Archéo-Nil nº 9 – 1999
kedler, J., Narmer, Scorpion and the Representation of the Early Egyptian Court, Origin XXXV, 2013
White, D.A., An Esoteric Interpretation of the Narmer Palette and the Narmer Mace Head, A Delta Point ePublication, 2009 
Baines, J., Origins of Egyptian kingship [in:] O’Connor, D. & Silverman, D.P. (eds.), Ancient Egyptian Kingship. Probleme der Ägyptologie, Bd.9, Leiden – New York- Köln 1995

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