The Relationships between the state Ghaznawiand and its neighbors as reflected by the writings of coins

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Lecturer, Department of Islamic Archeology, Faculty of Archeology, Fayoum University (Egypt)

Abstract


Islamic era has witnessed the subordination of some rulers to powerful nations. Referees have registered on the coins the names of the rulers of countries that have undergone verdict. Ghaznawi of these powerful states, Ghaznawids rulers instituted their verdict on several countries. This paper is interested studying the relationship between the state Ghaznawi and its neighboring countries through the writings of coins. The Ghaznavid have a variety of relationships, they had relations with The Samanids, Saffarid and Kākūyids. Some of these countries ruled on behalf of the Ghaznawids, Ghaznawids ruled on behalf of some of these countries. We can learn about it through the writings of coins

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References

foreign references
-        Bosworth,C.E: Dailamīs in Central Iran: The Kākūyids of Jibāl and Yazd, Iran, Vol. 8, 1970.
-        John, Walker: The Coinage of the second Saffarid dynasty in Sistan, numismatic noteses and Monographs, No. 72, 1936.
-        Lane-Poole, Stanley: Catalogue of oriental coins in the British Museum, vol.1X, Addition part 1, London, 1889.
-        Mitchiner Michael: The World of Islam, Oriental Coins and their Values, London, 1977.
-         Soheila.A.S: The Irony That Ensues. The Coinage of Masʿūd of Ghazna (421-31/1030-40), Iran, Vol. 40, 2002.
-        Sourdel, Dominique: Inventaire des Monnaie Musulmanes Ancient du Musee de cabul, Damascus, 1953.
websites:
-       www.zeno.ru.
-       www.acsearch.info.
-       www.coinsarchive.com
 

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