An Archaeological study of some oil lamps models with personification of Human Faces "From the Roman Era in Egyptian Museums."

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Archeology Department - Faculty of Arts - Tanta University (Egypt)

Abstract

This research paper is presenting a study of some of the three dimensional stereoscopic models of oil  lamps (lanterns) of Roman Egypt with personal human faces through some of the various models which are preserved in Egyptian museums Nubian Museum in Aswan / Egyptian Museum in Cairo / Museum of Antiquities of New Valley Governorate in Al Khargah Oasis / The Greco-Roman Museum in Alexandria.  (These examples have not been studied before) .This collection of the study are seven different lamps with different human faces features, in some sort of try and an attempt to list the patterns of realistic personal iconography and photography on these lamps models and the extent to which they relate, the purpose for which it was formed, as well as the social and the religious significance.
The usages of Roman lamps in Egypt were extremely varied and served different purposes and rituals, each depending on the purpose for which they were formed and the topics depicted varied and the stereoscopic or embodied models have spread widely in their forms in Roman Egypt. Each of these forms has an artistic significance either in concept of the artistic philosophy, the vision of the artist, or what it reflect or serve in the Society engagement most of the time. The general shape of the lamp which we almost glimpse in each style is introduced in a different and distinct addition; it is possible to classify those additions under some modifications to the same style and in others as an innovation in special artistic formations.
Example Model No.1 is a bronze saddle for the face of a young man at the Nubian Museum.
Example Model No.2 is a Terracotta saddle for a lady at the Museum of Antiquities of Al Wadi Al Gadeed(New Valley) governorate in Al Khargah Oasis.
Example Model No. 3 is a Terracotta lamp for the face of a lady at the Greco-Roman Museum in Alexandria No. 31889.
Example Model No. 4 is a Terracotta lamp for the face of a lady at the Greco-Roman Museum in Alexandria No. 31887.
Example Model No. 5 is a Terracotta lamp for the face of a man at the Greco-Roman Museum in Alexandria No. 29077.
Example Model No. 6 is a bronze lamp for the face of a man at the Egyptian Museum.
Example Model No. 7 is a Terracotta lamp for the face of a man at the Greco-Roman Museum in Alexandria No. 29085.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

foreign references
Baily.,D.,M:Greek and Roman Lamps , London. 1972
-Bussiere .,J and Whol.,B: Ancient Lamps in the J. Paul Getty Museum ,LosAnglos. 2017.
-Bartman.,E:Hair and the Artiface of Roman Female Adornment, American Journal of Archaeology ,Vol 105,No 1,Jan2001 .
-Daszewski.,W.,M:Les Lamps Egyptiennes d ̓ époque Hellenistique in ˝Les Lamps de Terre Cuite en Méditerranée ῞.,Lyon. 1987.
- Frankfurter.,D;Religion in Roman Egypt Assimilation and Resistance ,Princeton University press U.S.A. 1998.
-Frecer.,R:Gerulata: The Lamps Roman ,Lamps in a provincial context ,Charles University in Prague. 2014.
-Grandjouan.,G: Terracottas and Plastic Lamps of the Roman Period, The American School of Classical Studies at Athens ,Vol.VI. 1961
- Hayes.,J.,W:Ancient Lamps in the Royal Ontario Museum ,I,Greek and Roman Clay Lamps,Toronto. 1980
-Mehmet.,S and Latife.,S: Light for the Dead. Some Thoughts on Funerary Lamps in Light of the Hellenistic/Roman Tomb in Kormakiti/Koruçam , in: New Studies in Cypriot Archaeology and Art History The Northern Face of Cyprus new Studies in Cypriot Archaeology and Art history offprint , Istanbul. 2016,259-263.
-Mlynarczyk.,J:Alexandrian and Alexandria- Influenced –Mould Made Lamps of the Hellenistic Period ,BAR International Series.Oxford. 1997
-Robins., F.,W: The Lamps of Ancient Egypt ,JEA/ Vol 25. 1939
-Roger.,D.,Giroire.,C:Roman Art from the Louvre,Hudson Hills Press, 2007
-Richter.,G.,M.,A:Greek,Etruscans and Romans Bronzes , The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. 1915.
- Stanwick ., P., E: Portraits Of the Ptolemies , Greek Kings  As Egyptian Pharaohs , University of taxes press. 2002 .
-Shier.,L.,A:Terracotta Lamps from Karanis Egypt,Excavations of University of Michigan press. 1978
  -Thompson.,N.,L:Roman Art Aresource for Educators, The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2007
-Torok.,L:Hellenistic and Roman Terracottas from Egypt,Roma. 1995
-Walters.,H.,B:History of Ancient Pottery.,London,Vol.II. 1905
-Walters.,H.,B:Catalouge of the Greek &Roman Lamps in the British Museum.,London. 1914
Ward.,J:Roman Era in Britain ,Methuen,London,Ch IX. 1911
websites:
http://www.unesco.org/culture/museum-for-dialogue/item/ar/99/lamp-in-the-form-of-a-male-head
 
https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/online_research_catalogues/ng/naukratis_greeks_in_egypt/material_culture_of_naukratis/lamps.aspx
https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki
https://books.google.com.eg
 

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics